National Mango Day in India: Celebrating the King of Fruits

National Mango Day, celebrated annually on July 22^nd in India, honours the “king of fruits,” the mango. This beloved fruit holds immense significance in Indian agriculture, culture, and cuisine. India, as the largest producer of mangos, cultivates over 1,000 varieties, each with distinct flavours and textures. The history of mangos in India dates back over 4,000 years, with deep cultural and religious relevance. Nutritionally, mangos are a powerhouse, rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, contributing to overall health and well-being. Celebrating National Mango Day highlights not only the fruit’s culinary delights but also its vital role in India’s heritage and economy.

Introduction

On 22^nd July, India celebrates National Mango Day, an occasion dedicated to honouring the “king of fruits.” Mangos hold a special place in the hearts and taste buds of millions of Indians. This beloved fruit is not only a staple in Indian cuisine but also a symbol of cultural heritage and agricultural significance. On this day, we delve into the importance of mangos, their varieties, history, cultural relevance, nutritional benefits, and more.

The Importance of Mangos

Mangos are integral to India’s economy and agriculture. India is the world’s largest producer of mangos, contributing over 40% of the global supply. The fruits cultivation supports millions of farmers and is a major export product, bringing significant revenue to the country. Mangos are enjoyed fresh and are also processed into products like pickles, chutneys, juices, and dried slices, showcasing their versatility.

Varieties of Mangos

India boasts over 1,000 varieties of mangos, each with its unique flavor, texture, and aroma. Some of the most renowned varieties include:

• Alphonso (Hapus): Known for its sweetness, rich flavor, and smooth texture, Alphonso is often considered the premium variety of mango.
• Dasheri: Originating from Uttar Pradesh, Dasheri mangos are sweet, juicy, and have a distinct aroma.
• Kesar: Grown in Gujarat, Kesar is famous for its saffron-colored pulp and sweet taste.
• Langra: A popular variety from Varanasi, Langra is known for its tangy flavor and fibrous flesh.
• Banganapalli: Hailing from Andhra Pradesh, Banganapalli is large, juicy, and less fibrous, making it a favorite for many.

History of Mangos in India

The history of mangos in India dates back over 4,000 years. The fruit is believed to have originated in the Indian subcontinent, with references found in ancient Sanskrit literature. Buddhist monks are credited with spreading the mango to other parts of Southeast Asia around the 4^th and 5^th centuries BC. Throughout history, mangos have been cultivated by various Indian dynasties, with the Mughal emperors playing a significant role in popularizing and cultivating diverse varieties.

First National Mango Day

National Mango Day was first observed in India on July 22, 2016. This day was established to celebrate and promote the rich heritage and cultural significance of mangos in India, as well as to highlight their economic and nutritional value.

Cultural Relevance

Mangos are deeply embedded in Indian culture and traditions. They are often associated with prosperity, love, and fertility. Mango leaves are used in religious rituals and decorations during festivals and weddings. The fruit is also a prominent motif in Indian art, literature, and folklore. Celebrated poets and writers have penned verses praising the mango’s lusciousness and beauty.

Nutritional Benefits

Mangos are not just delicious but also packed with essential nutrients. They are an excellent source of vitamins A and C, which are vital for maintaining good vision and a strong immune system. Mangos also contain dietary fiber, antioxidants, and various minerals such as potassium and magnesium. Consuming mangos can aid digestion, boost skin health, and support overall well-being.

Table 1: The nutritional benefits of mangos

Nutrient	Amount per 100g	Health Benefits
Calories	60 kcal	Provides energy with moderate calorie content.
Carbohydrates	15 g	Primary source of energy; helps fuel the body and brain.
Dietary Fiber	1.6 g	Aids digestion, helps maintain bowel health, and lowers cholesterol levels.
Sugars	14 g	Natural sugars provide a quick source of energy.
Vitamin A	54 µg	Essential for good vision, immune system function, and skin health.
Vitamin C	36.4 mg	Powerful antioxidant, supports immune function, skin health, and wound healing.
Vitamin E	0.9 mg	Acts as an antioxidant, supports immune function, and skin health.
Vitamin K	4.2 µg	Important for blood clotting and bone health.
Folate (Vitamin B9)	43 µg	Crucial for DNA synthesis and repair, important during pregnancy for fetal development.
Potassium	168 mg	Helps maintain proper heart function, muscle contraction, and fluid balance.
Magnesium	10 mg	Involved in over 300 biochemical reactions in the body, supports muscle and nerve function.
Calcium	11 mg	Essential for bone health, muscle function, and nerve transmission.
Iron	0.16 mg	Vital for haemoglobin formation and oxygen transport in the blood.
Antioxidants	Varies	Protects cells from damage caused by free radicals, may reduce risk of chronic diseases.
Protein	0.8 g	Essential for building and repairing tissues, making enzymes, hormones, and other body chemicals.
Fat	0.4 g	Provides essential fatty acids, aids in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.

 

Economic Impact

The mango industry significantly impacts India’s economy. The fruit is a key export item, with major markets in the Middle East, Europe, and North America. The growing demand for organic and high-quality mangos has led to advancements in farming techniques and post-harvest management, ensuring better returns for farmers and higher quality produce for consumers.

Environmental Benefits

Mango orchards contribute to environmental sustainability. The trees provide shade, improve air quality, and support biodiversity by offering a habitat for various species. Additionally, mango cultivation can help in soil conservation and water retention, contributing to the overall health of the ecosystem.

Celebrating National Mango Day

National Mango Day is a time for Indians to indulge in their favourite fruit and celebrate its significance. Various events and activities, such as mango festivals, cooking contests, and tasting sessions, are held across the country. These celebrations highlight the diverse culinary uses of mangos and promote awareness about their nutritional and economic benefits.

Conclusion

National Mango Day is more than just a celebration of a fruit; it is a tribute to India’s rich agricultural heritage and cultural traditions. As we relish the sweet and tangy flavours of different mango varieties, we also acknowledge the hard work of farmers and the fruit’s contribution to our economy and health. The mango, truly the king of fruits, continues to reign supreme in the hearts of Indians, symbolizing joy, prosperity, and the vibrant spirit of the nation.